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Qu'est-ce que le/la Roth IRA ?

Le Roth IRA est un compte de retraite individuel américain alimenté par des revenus déjà imposés ; les cotisations et les gains croissent à l'abri de l'impôt et les retraits qualifiés à la retraite sont entièrement exonérés.

Roth contribution limits in 2026 are USD 7,000 per year (USD 8,000 if 50+), phased out at higher incomes (single ~150k, married ~236k). Contributions can be withdrawn anytime tax- and penalty-free; earnings face a 10% penalty plus tax if withdrawn before 59½ except for first-home, education or other exceptions.

The strategic value of a Roth depends on expected tax rates. Pay tax now (Roth) if you expect higher rates later; defer tax (Traditional IRA / 401(k)) if you expect lower rates later. For young earners, Roth is often the right choice because of decades of tax-free compounding ahead.

Exemple

A 25-year-old contributes USD 7,000/year to a Roth IRA earning 7%; by 65, the balance is around USD 1.5m — all withdrawable tax-free.

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Termes liés

Questions fréquentes

What is the income limit?+

Approx USD 150k single / USD 236k married for full contribution; partial up to phase-out caps; backdoor Roth available above.

Roth or Traditional?+

Roth if today's tax rate is lower than expected retirement rate; Traditional otherwise.

Are there required minimum distributions?+

Roth IRA: no RMDs during the owner's lifetime — a major estate-planning advantage.